Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing Using TDSC: Evaluating Performance in WiMAX and LTE Networks

Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2023 | PP. 1-24 | PDF (980 K) | Pub. Date: October 30, 2023
DOI: 10.54647/ajt6191002 55 Downloads 35473 Views

Author(s)

Ahmed Temtam, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University Norfolk, Virginia, USA

Dimitrie Popescu, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University Norfolk, Virginia, USA

Abstract
Cognitive Radio (CR) has emerged as a groundbreaking technology in wireless communication, promising optimized use of the available spectrum. The crux of its efficiency lies in its spectrum sensing capabilities, which allow CR to detect vacant frequency bands dynamically. In order to enable spectrum sharing, spectrum sensing plays a crucial role in wireless communication. The challenges in wireless spectrum require collaboration among stakeholders to devise innovative solutions. This work delves into the fundamental techniques and challenges associated with spectrum sensing in CR systems, explores the use of CR system that employs a Time-Domain Symbol Cross-correlation (TDSC) based spectrum sensing algorithm. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE) standards are utilized as case studies to demonstrate the efficacy of the TDSC method. The study presents theoretical and simulation results and also suggests future research to investigate the performance of the TDSC method in WiMAX and LTE systems. Additionally, this study compares the spectrum sensing capabilities of WiMAX and LTE.

Keywords
Cognitive radio, Spectrum Sensing, Time Domain Symbol Cross-correlation, WiMAX, LTE, Pilot Tone.

Cite this paper
Ahmed Temtam, Dimitrie Popescu, Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing Using TDSC: Evaluating Performance in WiMAX and LTE Networks , American Journal of Telecommunications. Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2023 | PP. 1-24. 10.54647/ajt6191002

References

[ 1 ]	K. Fazel and S. Kaiser., Multi-carrier and spread spectrum systems:from OFDM and MC-CDMA to LTE and WiMAX. Wiley. com, 2008.
[ 2 ]	Y. P. Abichar, Zakhia and J. M. Chang., “ WiMAX: The emergence of wireless broadband.” IT professional, pp. pp. 44–48, 2006.
[ 3 ]	A. Ghosh, J. Zhang, J. G. Andrews, and R. Muhamed, Fundamentals of LTE. Pearson Education, 2010.
[ 4 ]	F. Khan, LTE for 4G mobile broadband: air interface technologies and performance. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
[ 5 ]	A. F. Molisch, Wireless communications. John Wiley & Sons, 2010, vol. 15.
[ 6 ]	M. El-Hajjar and L. Hanzo, “A survey of digital television broadcast transmission techniques,” Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 1924–1949, 2013.
[ 7 ]	H. Arslan, Cognitive radio, software defined radio, and adaptive wireless systems. Springer Verlag, 2007.
[ 8 ]	R. Ratasuk, M. A. Uusitalo, N. Mangalvedhe, A. Sorri, S. Iraji, C. Wijting, and A. Ghosh, “License-exempt lte deployment in heterogeneous network,” in Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 2012 International Symposium on. IEEE, 2012, pp. 246–250.
[ 9 ]	M. I. Rahman, A. Behravan, H. Koorapaty, J. Sachs, and K. Balachandran, “License-exempt lte systems for secondary spectrum usage: scenarios and first assessment,” in New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), 2011 IEEE Symposium on. IEEE, 2011, pp. 349–358.
[ 10 ]	H.-C. Wu and X. Huang, “Joint phase/amplitude estimation and symbol detection for wireless ici self-cancellation coded ofdm systems,” Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 49–55, 2004.
[ 11 ]	A. Temtam, A. Abusoua, K. Benyounis, and A. Tamtam, “New developments in wireless sensor networks from real world to system integration. alternative hardware approaches,” 2023.
[ 12 ]	O. A. Dobre, R. Venkatesan, D. C. Popescu et al., “Cyclostationaritybased detection of lte ofdm signals for cognitive radio systems,” in 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010. IEEE, 2010, pp. 1–6.
[ 13 ]	W. G. Chen, Hou-Shin and D. G. Daut., “ Spectrum sensing for OFDM systems employing pilot tones and application to DVB-T OFDM. Communications.” ICC’08. IEEE International Conference, 2008.
[ 14 ]	A. Temtam and D. C. Popescu, “Using ofdm pilot tones for spectrum sensing with applications to mobile wimax,” in 2014 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS). IEEE, 2014, pp. 232–234.
[ 15 ]	A. Temtam, D. C. Popescu, and O. Popescu, “Using ofdm pilot tone information to detect active 4g lte transmissions,” in 2014 10th International Conference on Communications (COMM). IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–4.
[ 16 ]	A. Temtam, “Detection of ofdm signals using pilot tones and applications to spectrum sensing for cognitive radio systems,” 2014.
[ 17 ]	W. G. Hou-Shin, Chen and D. Daut., “ Spectrum sensing for OFDM systems employing pilot tones.” Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions, pp. 5862–5870, 8.12 (2009).
[ 18 ]	S. M. Kay, “ Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Detection Theory,” Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hal, 1993.
[ 19 ]	T. Bhandare, “Lte and wimax comparison,” Santa Clara University, 2008.
[ 20 ]	M. Alasti, B. Neekzad, J. Hui, and R. Vannithamby, “Quality of service in WiMAX and LTE networks [topics in wireless communications],” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 104–111, 2010.
[ 21 ]	L. Korowajczuk, LTE, WiMAX and WLAN network design, optimization and performance analysis. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
[ 22 ]	R. C. Gessner, A. and M. Kottkamp, “UMTS long term evolution (LTE) technology introduction,” Rohde and Schwarz, Application Note, IMA111-3E, 2012.
[ 23 ]	O. Oyman, J. Foerster, Y.-j. Tcha, and S.-C. Lee, “Toward enhanced mobile video services over WiMAX and LTE [WiMAX/LTE update],” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 68–76, 2010.
[ 24 ]	M. Deruyck, W. Vereecken, E. Tanghe, W. Joseph, M. Pickavet, L. Martens, and P. Demeester, “Comparison of power consumption of mobile WiMAX, HSPA and LTE access networks,” in Telecommunications Internet and Media Techno Economics (CTTE), 2010 9th Conference on. IEEE, 2010, pp. 1–7.
[ 25 ]	C. Ball, T. Hindelang, I. Kambourov, and S. Eder, “Spectral efficiency assessment and radio performance comparison between LTE and WiMAX,” in Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008. PIMRC 2008. IEEE 19th International Symposium on. IEEE, 2008, pp. 1–6.
[ 26 ]	C. Y. Wong, R. S. Cheng, K. B. Lataief, and R. D. Murch, “Multiuser OFDM with adaptive subcarrier, bit, and power allocation,” Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1747– 1758, 1999.
[ 27 ]	Y. Yang, H. Hu, J. Xu, and G. Mao, “Relay technologies for WiMAX and LTE-advanced mobile systems,” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 100–105, 2009.
[ 28 ]	C. Ball and E. Panel, “LTE and WiMAX technology and performance comparison,” Nokia Siemens Networks, 2007.
[ 29 ]	M. Iwamura, K. Etemad, M.-H. Fong, R. Nory, and R. Love, “Carrier aggregation framework in 3GPP LTE-advanced [WiMAX/LTE update],” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 60–67, 2010.
[ 30 ]	H. G. Myung, J. Lim, and D. Goodman, “Single carrier FDMA for uplink wireless transmission,” Vehicular Technology Magazine, IEEE, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 30–38, 2006.
[ 31 ]	L. Yi, K. Miao, and A. Liu, “A comparative study of WiMAX and LTE as the next generation mobile enterprise network,” in Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 2011 13th International Conference on. IEEE, 2011, pp. 654–658.
[ 32 ]	I.-K. Fu, Y.-S. Chen, P. Cheng, Y. Yuk, R. Y. Kim, and J. S. Kwak, “Multicarrier technology for 4G WiMAX system [WiMAX/LTE update],” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 50–58, 2010.
[ 33 ]	I. Aldmour, “Lte and wimax: Comparison and future perspective,” Communications and Network, vol. 5, no. 04, p. 360, 2013.
[ 34 ]	M. Peng and W. Wang, “Technologies and standards forTD-SCDMA evolutions to IMT-advanced,” Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 47, no. 12, pp. 50–58, 2009.
[ 35 ]	“WiMAX forum, WiMAX Forum Mobile System Proï¬le2007.′′
[ 36 ]	A. Temtam and D. Popescu, “Performance analysis of spectrum sensing employing pilot tones,” 2019.
[ 37 ]	A. G. ws and R. Muhamed., “ Fundamentals of WiMAX:Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking.” Upper Saddle River, NJ: PrenticeHall, 2007.
[ 38 ]	O. A. D. R. V. Alaâa Al-Habashna, Dimitrie C. Popescu, “ SecondOrder Cyclostationarity of Mobile WiMAX and LTE OFDM Signals and Application to Spectrum Awareness in Cognitive Radio Systems.” IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSINGl, pp. VOL. 6, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2012.
[ 39 ]	K. H. Teo, Z. Tao, and J. Zhang, “The mobile broadband WiMAX standard [standards in a nutshell],” Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 144–148, 2007.
[ 40 ]	R. B. Marks et al., “IEEE standard 802.16: a technical overview of the wirelessMAN air interface for broadband wireless access,” IEEE communications magazine, p. 98, 2002.