Knowledge Reasoning Based on the Classical Modal Syllogism ◊A⼞O◊O-2 from the Perspective of Information Processing

Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2026     |     PP. 1-22      |     PDF (290 K)    |     Pub. Date: September 7, 2026
DOI: 10.54647/philosophy720132    16 Downloads     42 Views  

Author(s)

Yijiang Hao, Institute of Philosophy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China

Abstract
Based on the classical modal syllogism ◊A⼞O◊O-2, this paper formalizes the four types of syllogisms and then respectively deduces other 48 valid classical modal syllogisms, 30 non-trivial valid generalized modal syllogisms, 15 non-trivial valid generalized syllogisms, and 24 valid classical syllogisms. The rules, definitions, and facts involved in the deductive process fall within the scope of first-order logic and generalized quantifier theory. By making full use of reduction operations, this paper explores the reducible relationships between/among the above four types of syllogisms. Subsequently, this paper discusses how to judge the validity of discourse reasoning nested by these four types of syllogisms. In this sense, this paper accomplishes a cross-type study of syllogisms, offering a unified method to derive valid syllogisms across different types. Following the proposed method in this paper, one can derive more valid syllogisms of various types from the syllogism ◊A⼞O◊O-2. Similarly, this method can also be applied to other valid classical modal syllogisms, enabling further exploration of deriving different syllogisms. Due to the use of deductive reasoning throughout the entire process of mining other valid syllogisms from one valid syllogism, the conclusions of this paper are logically consistent. Thus, the research method utilized in this study demonstrates considerable universality in the realm of syllogistic research, and it also provides inspiration for natural language information processing and knowledge mining in artificial intelligence.

Keywords
classical modal syllogisms; knowledge representation; knowledge mining; generalized syllogisms

Cite this paper
Yijiang Hao, Knowledge Reasoning Based on the Classical Modal Syllogism ◊A⼞O◊O-2 from the Perspective of Information Processing , SCIREA Journal of Philosophy. Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2026 | PP. 1-22. 10.54647/philosophy720132

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